1872: Three Emperors’ League (Dreikaiserbund)
- Germany - Austro-Hungary - Russia
- Reconciliation of Austria and Germany
- Reconciliation of Austria and Russia
1873: Military Convention for mutual defence (Russia & Germany); Schonbrunn Convention (Russia & Austria)
1879: Dual Alliance
- Germany - Austro-Hungary
- 5 Years
- Against Russia- Isolates France
1881: Dreikaiserbund renewed
- Germany - Austro-Hungary – Russia
- Mutual defence
- Prevention of Austro-Russian conflict in Balkans
- Allows for Austrian annexation of Bosnia if deemed necessary
1882: Triple Alliance
- Germany - Austro-Hungary - Italy
1887: Reinsurance Treaty
- Germany – Russia
- 3 Years
- Does not apply in war against France or Austria
- Incompatible with Triple Alliance – not renewed in 1890
1890: Reinsurance Treaty not renewed
- Bismarck dismissed
- German shift to Weltpolitik and creation of Schlieffen Plan to deal with war against France and Russia
- 1894: Franco-Russian Alliance
- Directed against Triple Alliance powers
- Duration as Triple Alliance
- France becomes Russia’s main creditor allowing for the expansion of industry, railways and armaments
1904: Entente Cordiale
- France - Britain
1907: Anglo-Russian Convention
- Completes Triple Entente
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